Raconter des balivernes
On impressionne les autres en leur faisant croire qu'on a vu quelque chose d'étrange. taoscopy.com
Réparation18
Aborder les problèmes ; réparer ce qui a été négligé. Assumer la responsabilité de restaurer et d'améliorer.
↓ Line 1
Corriger les erreurs du passé peut être difficile, mais la persévérance mène au succès.
↓ Line 4
Ignorer les erreurs passées conduit à l'embarras et à d'autres problèmes.
↓ Richesse14
L'abondance est présente. Utilisez vos ressources judicieusement et partagez généreusement. Célébrez le succès avec humilité et grâce, en sachant que la véritable richesse vient de l'équilibre et de l'intégrité.
Lectures originales
18 Réparation
Other titles: Work On What Has Been Spoiled, The Symbol of Destruction, Decay, Arresting of Decay, Work after Spoiling, Fixing, Rectifying, Corrupting, Branch, Degeneration, Misdeeds "Can refer to heredity and psychological traits.” -- D. F. Hook
Judgment
Legge: Successful progress is indicated for those who properly repair what has been spoiled. It is advantageous to cross the great stream. One should consider carefully the events three days before the turning point and the tasks remaining for three days afterward.
Wilhelm/Baynes:Work On What Has Been Spoiled has supreme success. It furthers one to cross the great water. Before the starting point, three days. After the starting point, three days.
Blofeld:Decay augurs sublime success and the advantage of crossing the great river (or sea). [I.e. of going on a journey or of going forward with one's plans.] What has happened once will surely happen again (literally, "three days before the commencement; three days after the commencement"). [It would have been hard to make sense of these words, were it not that the Confucian Commentary on the Text clearly explains them; hence the liberty I have taken with the Text.]
Liu: Work after spoiling. Great success. It is of benefit to cross the great water. Before starting, three days. After starting, three days. [This hexagram implies that, although conditions are bad now, improvement can be expected.]
Ritsema/Karcher: Corrupting, Spring Growing. Harvesting: wading the Great River. Before seedburst three days, after seedburst three days. [This hexagram describes your situation in terms of disorder, perversion and putrefaction. It emphasizes that letting things rot away so they become obsolete is the adequate way to handle it...]
Shaughnessy: Branch: Prime auspiciousness; receipt. Beneficial to ford the great river; preceding jia by three days, following jia by three days.
Cleary (1): Correcting degeneration is greatly developmental. It is beneficial to cross great rivers. Three days before the start, three days after the start. [The way to correct degeneracy is not in empty tranquility without action; it is necessary to work in the midst of great danger and difficulty, to act in the dragon’s pool and the tiger’s lair. Only then can one restore one’s original being, cultivating it into something indestructible.]
Cleary (2): From degeneration comes great development, etc.
Wu: Misdeeds is great and pervasive. It will be advantageous to cross the big river. It would be advisable to begin an undertaking three days before Jia and examine the ongoing progress three days thereafter.
The Image
Legge: The image of wind below the mountain forms Repair. The superior man, in accordance with this, stimulates the virtue of the people.
Wilhelm/Baynes: The wind blows low on the mountain: the image of Decay. Thus the superior man stirs up the people and strengthens their spirit.
Blofeld: This hexagram symbolizes wind blowing at the foot of a mountain. The Superior Man, by stimulating people's hearts, nourishes their virtue.
Liu: Wind blowing around the foot of the mountain symbolizes Work after Spoiling. The superior man encourages people to cultivate virtue.
Ritsema/Karcher: Below mountain possessing wind. Corrupting. A chun tzu uses rousing the commoners to nurture actualizing-tao. [Actualize-tao: ...ability to follow the course traced by the ongoing process of the cosmos... Linked with acquire, TE: acquiring that which makes a being become what it is meant to be.]
Cleary (1): There is wind in the mountains; degeneration. Thus superior people rouse the people and nurture virtue.
Cleary (2): … Leaders thus arouse the people to nurture virtue.
Wu: There is wind at the foot of the mountain; this is Misdeeds. Thus the jun zi arouses the people and nurtures his own virtue.
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: The dynamic trigram is above, and the magnetic trigram is below. Pliancy is below, and Stopping above: these suggest troubled conditions verging on ruin. But Repair brings order to all under heaven, and he who advances will encounter the business to be done. The end of confusion is the beginning of order; such is the procedure of heaven.
Legge: Repair means the performance of painful but necessary duties. It shows a situation in which things are going to ruin, as if through poison or venomous worms. In order to justify the auspice of progress and success, the duty of the figure is to rectify this and restore conditions to health. This will require a major effort, such as crossing the great stream, and the careful differentiation of the causes of the problem, as well as the measures taken to fix it. The attribute of the lower trigram is Pliancy, and the upper represents Stoppage or Arrest. Hence, the feeble pliancy of decadence is stopped cold by the immovable mountain. The three days before and after the turning point symbolize the careful attention and differentiation necessary for any rectification to succeed.
On the Image, Ch'eng-tzu says: "When the wind encounters the mountain, it is driven back, and the things about are all scattered in disorder; such is the emblem of the state denoted by Repair." The nourishing of virtue appears especially in line six -- all the other lines belong to the helping of the people.
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Judgment:Repair means to set your house in order. Analyze your choices before the renovation and evaluate their consequences afterward.
The Superior Man orders his thoughts and feelings, reforms old attitudes, and strengthens his will. (Psychologically, to "stimulate the virtue of the people" (Legge) is to rectify the components of a complex.)
To imagine any truly objective state of perception we must include all that exists: the entire cosmos. Each differentiation of this, from atom to galaxy, is one slice out of an infinite whole. As a portion of the entirety, we are always linked with our ancestors in an infinite web of relationships which includes our family history, our racial-cultural-historical heritage and Homo sapiens as a species. Though seldom aware of them, it is useful to remember these links. Emanating from an unfathomable complexity, their karmically-charged morphogenetic fields are constantly shaping our lives. It follows that, although we perceive ourselves as separate from our ancestors, the separation is a subjective experience which is true only in a temporally limited sense.
Every line of Repair, except two and six, shows a son dealing with the troubles caused by his father. This reminds us of the biblical curse:
For I the Lord thy God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me. Exodus 20: 5
The father archetype has a wide range of meanings: this extends from the Primal Spirit ("God the Father"), to a prior cause or intent in the psyche which has engendered a present condition. Psychologically interpreted, it is this latter reading which usually applies. If a "father" symbolizes the cause, then a "son" is the effect. If the effect is imperfect, then to rectify it is also to rectify the original intent.
To a large extent our lives consist of well-intentioned but misguided choices which create less than perfect consequences. To modify our attitude or behavior so that it corrects errors in our original intent is to "deal with the troubles caused by the father."
For example: In a misconceived expression of affection, a parent allows his child unrestricted access to candy. As a consequence of this choice, the kid's teeth become rotten, and the only logical way to correct the original error is to now curtail his intake of sugar. The fact that this new choice will create stress in the relationship between parent and child is just a consequence of the original choice and has no bearing at all on what is correct in the situation.
In some situations this hexagram may be interpreted as a response to a karmic chain of cause and effect:
To harmonize with the Wisdom Teachings, the scripture should read that the karma of the "father" is visited upon the "child" unto the fourth incarnation, not generation. The mistakes you made in the last four incarnations may be visited upon you in the form of karma flowing out of the heart seed atom in the present incarnation. Thus what you "fathered," or created, in your last incarnation may be the source ("parent") of your karma today. You are a child of that parent today. You have inherited from that parent -- the you of the past, not your physical parents -- all of your characteristics, weaknesses and strengths. Earlyne Chaney -- The Mystery of Death and Dying
The interpretation of any oracle response can only be as profound as our minds are prepared to accept. As moderns we find it difficult to empathize with "ancestor worship," yet properly understood, it can provide useful insights into the Work. In the unconscious realm all time is immediate, not sequential, and the Objective Psyche consists of a non- temporal web of forces shading from personal to universal. This means that if we have a complex engendered in us by our father, for example, we can reasonably assume that he was passing on what he received from his own parents. In this way, the unresolved complexes of the ancestors shape our own personalities: they live in and through us right now, even if they had their birth in forefathers long forgotten. This is a kind of near-immortality: individuals may die, but beliefs, attitudes, complexes live as long as they have receptive vessels to inhabit. (This is probably the engine of karma.) To the extent that an ancestral chain of causality still motivates our choices, we are totally responsible for "setting right what has been spoiled by the father."
SUGGESTIONS FOR MEDITATION
Most people have some level of unfinished business with their parents: psychologists would have little to do if this weren't true. It can be a healing ritual to set up an altar to a deceased parent and meditate there on the stresses that still remain between you. To approach the situation without judgment, to realize (non-logically) that forces pre-existing you provoked the condition as much as your parent did, will elicit much insight. Be especially aware of the presence of the past and the illusion of linear time. (Is it possible somehow to be your own great-grandfather?) Ancestor “worship” of this sort can be profoundly therapeutic.
Line 1
Legge: The first line, magnetic, shows a son dealing with the troubles caused by his father. If he is an able son, the father will escape the blame of having erred. The position is perilous, but there will be good fortune in the end.
Wilhelm/Baynes: Setting right what has been spoiled by the father. If there is a son, no blame rests upon the departed father. Danger. In the end good fortune.
Blofeld: Children exist to rectify the mistakes wrought by their fathers; hence the departed are made free from blame -- trouble ending in good fortune!
Liu: If the mistakes of the father are corrected by the son, no blame. There is danger, but in the end, good fortune.
Ritsema/Karcher: Managing the father's Corrupting. Possessing son-hood. Predecessors without fault. Adversity, completing significant.
Shaughnessy: The stem father's branch; there is a son crafty; there is no trouble; danger; in the end auspicious.
Cleary (1): Correcting the father’s degeneracy; if there is a son, the deceased father is without blame. Danger, but in the end it turns out well.
Cleary (2): Dealing with the degeneration of the father, if there is a child, the late father has no blame. It is dangerous but turns out well.
Wu: He attends to the affairs of his father. He is a capable son. His father will be free from blame. It is a difficult task, but it will be good in the end.
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: He has entered into the work of his father. Wilhelm/ Baynes: He receives in his thoughts the deceased father. Blofeld: This implies assuming responsibility for their mistakes. Ritsema/Karcher: Intention receiving the predecessors indeed. Cleary (2): Consciously taking up after the late father. Wu: He intends to continue his father’s business.
Legge: Line one is magnetic, with a magnetic correlate in line four -- what can be done here to remedy the state of decay? But the line is the first of the hexagram, and the decay is not yet great. By heeding the cautions of the text, he can succeed. He has entered into the work of his father, and brings it about that his father is looked on as blameless.
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Siu: At the outset, wrongs have arisen which are not yet deeply rooted and can be remedied. But reforms are associated with dangers, which should be understood.
Wing: In order to avoid decay, it is necessary to change a traditional and rigid structure that is affecting your life. You may feel that this is too radical an undertaking. It is true that this kind of change is fraught with danger, but if you are cautious while making the reform you will meet with success and renewed growth.
Editor: This line doesn't lend itself to use of the usual gender symbolism. Wilhelm translates the Confucian commentary in terms of receiving the departed father in one's thoughts; Blofeld renders it as taking responsibility for the father's errors. Ritsema/Karcher render "adversity” as: “Danger, threatening, malevolent demon ... It indicates a spirit or ghost that seeks revenge by inflicting suffering upon the living. Pacifying or exorcizing such a spirit can have a healing effect.” This can refer to any unresolved stresses creating instability in the situation. Psychologically, the idea is that new insights modify old errors. If they are formulated carefully, further error is avoided and one has created a useful new foundation. Sometimes the line can refer to having misinterpreted a previous oracle.
Lord Naoshige said, "An ancestor's good or evil can be determined by the conduct of his descendants." A descendant should act in a way that will manifest the good in his ancestor and not the bad. This is filial piety. Yamamoto Tsunetomo --The Book of the Samurai
A. Rectify a past mistake.
Line 4
Legge: The fourth line, magnetic, shows a son viewing indulgently the troubles caused by his father. If he goes forward, he will find cause to regret it.
Wilhelm/Baynes: Tolerating what has been spoiled by the father. In continuing one sees humiliation.
Blofeld: Tolerating the mistakes of our fathers would occasion us regret in the course of time.
Liu: Continuing to tolerate the mistakes of the father brings humiliation.
Ritsema/Karcher: Enriching the father's Corrupting. Going: visualizing abashment.
Shaughnessy: The bathed father's branch; going to see is distressful.
Cleary (1): Forgiving the degeneration of the father; if one goes on, there will be shame.
Cleary (2): Indulging the degeneration of the father, if you go on you will experience shame.
Wu: He shows compassion in the affairs of his father. If he attends to them, he will make error.
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: If he advances he will not succeed. Wilhelm/Baynes: He goes, but as yet finds nothing. Blofeld: In that case, we should fail to rectify them. Ritsema/Karcher: Going: not-yet acquiring indeed. Cleary (2): If you go on you will not attain anything. Wu: He will have nothing to gain by attending to them.
Legge: Line four is magnetic in a magnetic place, which intensifies passivity. Hence the caution about going forward.
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Siu: Indulgence of decay leads to regret.
Wing: The situation has been less than harmonious for quite some time, yet this condition of discord has been tolerated. Under these circumstances things will continue to degenerate.
Editor: Line four doesn't lend itself to the usual gender symbolism. The image is one of passive and permissive tolerance of error. To allow things to continue under these conditions will ensure that they get worse. The line can sometimes refer to a state of complacent ignorance of the true situation. If your assumptions are incorrect in the first place, then your query is by definition inappropriate: re-think the question to discover the error.
Psychic inertia is also evident in our resistance to any form of change in conditioned patterns, no matter how promising or favorable it may be. Any psychoanalyst knows from dealing with "resistance" that every basic psychological change entails a deathlike experience for the ego. New possibilities produce so much anxiety that the most destructive past adaptations seem safer and inspire more confidence. E. C. Whitmont -- The Symbolic Quest
A. Passive indulgence in an old weakness leads to failure.
B. You think things are OK, but they're not: rectify a past error.
C. "A stitch in time saves nine."
14 Richesse
Autres titres : Possession en grande mesure, Le symbole de la grande possession, Souveraineté, Grande possession, Le grand possesseur, Grande richesse, Abondance, Avoir ce qui est grand, "Souvent signifie des choses autres que des possessions matérielles ou des réalisations. Comptez vos bénédictions car elles sont nombreuses." -- D.F. Hook
Jugement
Legge :Richesse signifie grand progrès et succès.
Wilhelm/Baynes :Possession en grande mesure. Suprême succès.
Blofeld : Celui qui possède beaucoup -- succès suprême !
Liu : Grandes possessions. Grand succès.
Ritsema/Karcher : Grande possession, Croissance printanière. [Cet hexagramme décrit votre situation en termes de votre relation à une préoccupation dominante ou une idée centrale. Il souligne que l'organisation de tous vos efforts autour de cette idée est la manière adéquate de la gérer...]
Shaughnessy : La grande possession : Réception primordiale.
Cleary (1) : Dans grande possession sont création et développement.
Cleary (2) : Grande possession est grand succès.
Wu : Grande richesse est primordiale et omniprésente.
L'Image
Legge : Feu sur le Ciel -- l'image de Richesse. Le supérieur réprime le mal et nourrit la vertu conformément à la volonté bienveillante du ciel.
Wilhelm/Baynes : Feu dans le ciel au-dessus : l'image de Possession en grande mesure. Ainsi le supérieur freine le mal et favorise le bien, et obéit ainsi à la volonté bienveillante du ciel.
Blofeld : Cet hexagramme symbolise le feu dans les cieux. [Quand le trigramme pour le ciel est au-dessus, tout ce qui est en dessous peut en être séparé ; quand il est en dessous, il indique une fusion ou un mélange avec ce qui est au-dessus. La signification ici est que la splendeur d'un très grand homme éclaire les cieux.] Le Supérieur réprime ceux qui sont mauvais et soutient les vertueux. Il s'accorde avec joie au ciel et exécute ses commandements.
Liu : Feu sur le ciel symbolise Grandes possessions. Le supérieur réprime le mal et honore la vertu, et suit ainsi la volonté du ciel et attend le destin.
Ritsema/Karcher : Feu situé au-dessus du ciel. Grande possession. Un chun tzu utilise la haine terminée pour afficher l'amélioration. Un chun tzu utilise le céder au ciel pour renoncer au destin.
Cleary (1) : Le feu est dans le ciel ;grande possession.Ainsi la personne supérieure arrête le mal et promeut le bien, obéissant au ciel et acceptant son ordre.
Cleary (2) : … Les dirigeants obéissent à la nature et acceptent son ordre en arrêtant le mauvais et en promouvant le bien.
Wu : Le feu au-dessus et le ciel en dessous forment Grande richesse.Ainsi le jun zi réprime le mal et promeut le bien ; il se conforme à la volonté du ciel pour enrichir sa vie.
COMMENTAIRE
Confucius/Legge :Richesse montre la ligne magnétique à la place du dirigeant central, et honorée par les lignes dynamiques au-dessus et en dessous. La figure est composée des trigrammes de Force et de Clarté. La ligne centrale de Clarté répond à la ligne centrale de Force, aboutissant à une action opportune. Cela indique un grand progrès et succès.
Legge : Richesse signifie "grandes possessions", et symbolise un royaume, une famille ou un individu dans un état de prospérité. Le danger dans une telle position réside dans l'orgueil qu'elle est susceptible d'engendrer. Ici cependant, tout est contre cela : la place d'honneur est occupée par une ligne magnétique, de sorte que le dirigeant sera humble, et toutes les lignes dynamiques lui répondront avec une allégeance sympathique. Le siège du dirigeant est dans la position centrale du trigramme de Clarté, et donc sa force est dirigée par l'intelligence, et toutes ses actions sont opportunes, comme les saisons du ciel.
Le feu au-dessus du ciel brille loin -- symbolisant l'immensité du territoire de la richesse. Développer la vertu et réprimer le mal est conforme à la volonté du ciel, qui a donné à tous les hommes une nature adaptée à la bonté.
Cleary (2) : Tous les états d'être ont cette essence inhérente en eux et sont en effet faits de cette essence, mais tous les états autres que celui de l'illumination complète sont en désaccord avec cette essence d'une manière ou d'une autre. La bouddhéité est lorsque vous vous accordez avec cette essence.
Wu : Comme le soleil brille haut dans le ciel, le bon et le mauvais seront exposés. La responsabilité du jun zi est de les discriminer. Il agit conformément à la nature de la bonté (la volonté du ciel) pour enrichir sa vie.
NOTES ET PARAPHRASES
Jugement : Le plus grand type de Richesse découle de la promotion de l'Œuvre.
Le Supérieur gère ses forces conformément aux objectifs de l'Œuvre.
Richesse est l'inverse de la figure précédente, Union des Forces. Si le treizième hexagramme dépeint un processus d'union, le quatorzième pourrait être vu comme l'achèvement de ce processus. Avoir ses forces intérieures correctement unies est en effet Possession en grande mesure, qui est le titre que Wilhelm donne à cette figure.
Il est souligné dans l'Image que cette Richesse doit être administrée conformément à la "volonté bienveillante du ciel,” c'est-à-dire : les principes de l'Œuvre doivent toujours guider ses choix si l'on ne veut pas perdre l'équilibre et devenir appauvri par l'illusion.
Le supérieur considère une riche possession de principes moraux comme un honneur, et la paix en sa personne comme une richesse. Chou Tun-I