Épargne
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Enthousiasme16
L'inspiration alimente l'énergie ; alignez l'enthousiasme avec le but pour avancer efficacement.
↓ Line 1
Une action prématurée ou une expression d'enthousiasme peut entraîner des problèmes. Il est sage d'attendre le bon moment.
↓ Line 2
La fermeté et la patience sont nécessaires. En tenant bon, le succès viendra en temps voulu.
↓ Line 3
Dépasser les limites ou hésiter peut mener au regret. Il est important de trouver un équilibre et d'agir avec confiance.
↓ Line 4
Le véritable enthousiasme attire le soutien et conduit à de grandes réalisations. Ayez confiance en votre vision et rassemblez des alliés.
↓ Paix11
L'harmonie et la prospérité surgissent lorsque les opposés s'attirent et que l'équilibre est maintenu. Les énergies positives sont alignées, et les efforts collaboratifs conduisent à la croissance et au progrès. Adoptez la paix et la coopération pour un succès continu.
Lectures originales
16 Enthousiasme
Other titles: The Symbol of Harmonious Joy, Repose, Happiness, Providing-for/Provision, Excess, Merriment, Self-confidence, Contentment, Harmonize, Excitement, Intemperance, Self-deception "Repose in the absolute confidence that the action now being taken is right. Also refers to music." -- D.F. Hook
Judgment
Legge: Enthusiasm indicates that feudal princes may be set up and the army advantageously mobilized.
Wilhelm/Baynes:Enthusiasm. It furthers one to install helpers and to set armies marching.
Blofeld:Repose profits those engaged in building up the country and sending forth armies. [This means that perfect certainty as to the rightness of our cause is of great value under the conditions mentioned. The usual meaning of this character is "beforehand" or "happiness." In the English translation of Wilhelm's version, it appears as "enthusiasm." "Repose" was suggested by the Chinese experts who kindly vetted this manuscript. At first I felt hesitant about adopting it, until I realized that, where it is used favorably, it must be understood as the kind of mental repose which follows absolute confidence that the action now being taken is the right one. In lines one, three and six, however, it clearly means failure to act when action is essential; in line five, failure to act owing to incapacity.]
Liu:Happiness. It is of benefit to build up the country (or business), and send the army forth. [Receivers of this hexagram should be wary of exhibiting excessive enthusiasm when beginning a new undertaking. If they are not, there will be misfortune. The hexagram also advises that everything necessary for advancement should be made ready. Then if an opportunity presents itself, it should be seized immediately, without hesitation.]
Ritsema/Karcher: Providing-for , Harvesting: installing feudatories to move legions. [This hexagram describes your situation in terms of what is needed to meet the future. It emphasizes that accumulating strength through foresight and prudence so things can be fully enjoyed is the adequate way to handle it. To be in accord with the time, you are told to: provide-for!]
Shaughnessy: Excess: Beneficial to establish a lord and to move troops.
Cleary (1):Joy. It is advantageous to set up a ruler and mobilize the army.
Wu:Merriment indicates the advantage of establishing principalities and taking military actions.
The Image
Legge: Thunder exploding out of the Earth -- the image of Enthusiasm. The ancient kings, in accordance with this, composed their music and honored virtue, offering it especially to God when they worshipped him at the service of their ancestors.
Wilhelm/Baynes: Thunder comes resounding out of the earth: the image of Enthusiasm. Thus the ancient kings made music in order to honor merit, and offered it with splendor to the Supreme Deity, inviting their ancestors to be present.
Blofeld: This hexagram symbolizes thunder over the earth. The ancient rulers venerated heaven's gifts with solemn music and they sacrificed abundantly to the Supreme Lord of Heaven in order to be worthy of their ancestors.
Liu: Thunder arising from the earth symbolizes Happiness. The ancient kings composed music to honor virtue, offering it to God and the spirits of their ancestors.
Ritsema/Karcher: Thunder issuing-forth-from earth impetuously. Providing-for. The Earlier Kings used arousing delight to extol actualizing-tao. Exalting worship's Supreme Above. Using equalizing the grandfather predecessors. [Actualize-tao:ability to follow the course traced by the ongoing process of the cosmos... Linked with acquire, TE: acquiring that which makes a being become what it is meant to be.]
Cleary (1): When thunder emerges the earth stirs: Thus did the kings of yore make music to honor virtue, offering it in abundance to God, thereby to share it with their ancestors.
Wu: Thunder breaks out above the earth with a boom; this is Merriment. Thus the ancient kings used music to praise virtuous accomplishments and made grand offerings to the Supreme Being to be accompanied by their ancestors.
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: Enthusiasm shows one dynamic line inspiring responsive obedience in all the others: devoted obedience takes action. Such obedient action conforms to natural law and creates order and discipline in the people. The planets and the seasons follow their natural cycles. The sages similarly obey the laws of their nature and the people acknowledge their regulations and punishments as just.
Legge:Enthusiasm shows harmony and contentment throughout the kingdom -- a time when the people rejoice in their sovereign and readily obey him. At such a time his appointments and any military undertakings would be hailed and supported. Because he is close to the fifth place of dignity, the dynamic fourth line is seen as the chief executive officer of the ruler. The ruler has confidence in him, and all of the magnetic lines yield their obedience. Obedience is the attribute of the lower trigram which here takes the initiative and uses Movement, which is the attribute of the upper trigram.
The symbolism of the Image is more obscure than usual. The use of music at sacrifices is supposed to assist in producing the union between God and his worshippers as well as the present and past generations.
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Judgment: Delegate authority and gather your forces.
The Superior Man synchronizes his will with the intent of the Self via the principles of the Work.
Enthusiasm is the reverse of the preceding hexagram of Temperance. In Temperance we saw the calm strength of a mountain concealed within the earth. In Enthusiasm we see thunder exploding out of the ground into the sky: the strength that was formerly tempered and restrained is now released. It is significant to note that while every line of Temperance is more or less "favorable,” every line of Enthusiasm is either negative or cautionary -- even the generally positive fourth line carries a hint of warning about “doubt.”
Negatively, Self-Deception (the passion of True Believers) seems to be what this hexagram is portraying. The figure often suggests a callow or deluded buoyancy -- the kind of outlook associated with romantic idealists. In its most negative aspect, Enthusiasm is Intemperance -- the exact opposite of the moderation and restraint shown in the preceding hexagram. The behavior of an untrained Great Dane puppy suddenly bursting into a formal dinner party could be described as "enthusiasm,” but hardly a desirable form thereof. The lower trigram of Obedient Devotion has suddenly employed the action and energy of the upper trigram of Thunderous Shock to express itself. This is inconsistent with the code of the superior man.
Conversely, in its most positive sense, Enthusiasm suggests the surety of total self-confidence. Blofeld translates this as Repose, explaining that the name was suggested to him by his Chinese advisors. We begin to understand this subtle distinction when we compare the seemingly obscure connection with music in the Image with a passage from Chuang- tse:
He who understands the music of heaven lives in accordance with nature in his life and takes part in the process of change of things in his death. In repose, his character is in harmony with the yin principle; in activity, his movement is in harmony with the yang principle. Therefore he who understands the music of heaven is not blamed by heaven or criticized by men ... It is said, "In action he is like heaven. In repose he is like the earth ... Because his mind has found repose, therefore the creation pays homage to him.”
To understand “the music of heaven” is to attain Repose, which is another way of describing the tranquility that comes with furthering the intent of the Self. The only dynamic line in the hexagram is in the minister's place just below the fifth-line ruler. He has the confidence of his sovereign and his actions therefore accord with heaven. We can turn to the Stoics to find an illustration of this idea:
My will is simply that which comes to pass. For I esteem what God wills better than what I will. To Him will I cleave as His minister and attendant; having the same movements, the same desires, in a word the same will as He. -- Epictetus
Thus we see that the hexagram can describe either one of two opposite conditions -- the intemperate Enthusiasm of ego-confidence (a synonym for Self-Deception), or the calm Repose of true SELF-confidence. The fifteenth and sixteenth hexagrams, each the inverse of the other, represent magnetic and dynamic aspects of the same general idea: Enthusiasm, when it emanates from the Self, is just Temperance in action.
Line 1
Legge: The first line, magnetic, shows its subject proclaiming her pleasure and satisfaction. There will be evil.
Wilhelm/Baynes:Enthusiasm that expresses itself brings misfortune.
Blofeld: The crowing of the cock bespeaks repose -- an evil omen! [A sleepy cockcrow is not likely to bring men leaping from their beds, yet the traditional role of the cock is to sound the call to renewed action.]
Liu: Happiness that shows itself off brings misfortune.
Ritsema/Karcher: Calling Provision. Pitfall. [Provide(-for)/Provision, YU: ready, prepared for; prearrange, take precaution, think beforehand; satisfied, contented, at ease.]
Shaughnessy: Calling out in excess; inauspicious.
Cleary (1): Trumpeting joy is inauspicious.
Wu: Crowing over merriment will be foreboding.
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: Her wishes have been satisfied to overflowing. Wilhelm/ Baynes: This leads to the misfortune of having the will obstructed. Blofeld: The evil mentioned in this passage is that which results from utter exhaustion of the will-power. Ritsema/Karcher: Purpose exhausted, pitfall indeed. Cleary (2): Trumpeting joy bodes ill when the aspiration reaches an impasse. [The first yin harmonizes with the fourth yang above and rejoices in this; having no real qualities in oneself, only aspiring to cleave to others, how can one not come to an impasse?]Wu: Lacking aspiration will be foreboding.
Legge: Line one is magnetic, with a dynamic correlate in the fourth place. She may well enjoy the happiness of the time, but unable to contain herself, she erupts in boastful enthusiasm and calls undue attention to herself. Enthusiasm has thus been her undoing.
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Siu: At the outset, the man is enthusiastic and boastful.
Wing: Although you may have a harmonious connection with someone in a high position, it does not necessarily indicate that you are on top of the situation. Furthermore, if you boast of your advantage, you will surely invite disaster.
Editor: The meaning here can be subtle. Something (a strong emotion or attitude perhaps) is upsetting one’s equilibrium. In addition to the usual meaning of “enthusiasm,” this can symbolize any release or loss of energy (even despair, anguish, depression or grief – “Anti-Enthusiasm,” if you will), which serves to demolish Repose. Shaughnessy labels it Excess. Wilhelm and Blofeld render the Confucian commentary in terms of the obstruction or exhaustion of willpower. Ritsema/Karcher describe a loss of purpose; Cleary and Wu, blocked aspiration. If this is the only changing line, the hexagram changes to Shock, a plausible consequence in this case.
But woe unto you that are rich! For ye have received your consolation. Woe unto you that are full! For ye shall hunger. Woe unto you that laugh now! For ye shall mourn and weep. Luke 6: 24-25
A. A false sense of well-being – or, a false sense of despair. Examine the situation to determine where your conscious outlook or emotional response does not conform with the goals of the Work.
B. Ego/Self Repose is obstructed by inappropriate belief.
Line 2
Legge: The second line, magnetic, shows one who is firm as a rock. She sees a thing without waiting till it has come to pass; with her firm correctness there will be good fortune.
Wilhelm/Baynes: Firm as a rock. Not a whole day. Perseverance brings good fortune.
Blofeld: Unmoved as a rock; before the end of day, righteous persistence will bring good fortune. [Unmoved as a rock because of the repose which results from absolute confidence in a decision already taken.]
Liu: Firm and stable like a rock. Do not wait a whole day. Continuing brings good fortune.
Ritsema/Karcher: Chain-mail tending-towards petrification: Not completing the day. Trial: significant.
Shaughnessy: Scratched on a rock; not to the end of the day; determination is auspicious.
Cleary (1): Firm as a rock, not procrastinating, rectitude is good.
Wu: He is upright like a rock. In less time than the passing of the day, he discriminates the good from the bad. To be persevering is auspicious.
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: This is shown by the central and correct position of the line. Wilhelm/Baynes: Because it is central and correct. Blofeld: This is indicated by the suitable position of this line which is central to the lower trigram. Ritsema/Karcher: Using centering correcting indeed. Cleary (2):
It is balanced in the right way. Wu: Because he is central and correct.
The Master said:"Does not he who knows the inception of things possess spirit-like wisdom? The superior man, in his intercourse with the high, uses no flattery, and, in his intercourse with the low, no coarse freedom: does not this show that he knows the inception of things? Those beginnings are the slight stirrings of movement, and the earliest indications of good fortune or ill. The superior man sees them, and acts accordingly without waiting for the delay of a single day. As is said in the I Ching, `He is firm as a rock, and acts without waiting for the delay of a single day. With firm goodness there will be good fortune.' Firm as a rock, how should he have to wait a single day to ensure his knowing those beginnings and his course? The superior man knows the minute and the manifested; he knows what is weak, and what is strong: he is a model to ten-thousand."
Legge: The magnetic second line is in her correct central position in the lower trigram. Quietly and firmly she is able to abide in her place and exercise a far-seeing discrimination. All is indicative of good fortune.
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Siu: The man is quiet, but firm as a rock, yet sensitive to the first imperceptible signs of impending changes. He does not delay in taking action.
Wing: To be able to recognize the early signs of a change in fortune is a tremendous gift. While others may be swept away by compelling rhythms and fads, you adhere firmly to the underlying principles of your nature and react appropriately to the demands of the time. Such is the behavior of leaders.
Editor: All translations except Legge and Cleary's render the second sentence in the imagery of "not waiting for a whole day to pass,” which suggests action taken on the basis of foresight, premonition or intuition. This line is sometimes an injunction to follow your common sense -- saying in effect, that an oracle is unnecessary to proclaim the obvious.
You don't need a weatherman to know
which way the wind blows.
-- Bob Dylan
A. Proper discrimination knows when to act, and when to refrain from action.
B. Your own intuition already knows the answer to your query.
Line 3
Legge: The third line, magnetic, shows one looking up for favors, while she indulges the feeling of pleasure and satisfaction. If she would understand! If she be late in doing so, there will indeed be occasion for repentance.
Wilhelm/Baynes:Enthusiasm that looks upward creates remorse.
Shaughnessy: A bowl's excess; regret; being slow there is regret.
Cleary (1): Looking up to joy, if repentance is tardy, there will be regret.
Cleary (2): Looking up in joy, repent. If too late, there is regret.
Wu: Gazing at merriment will bring regret. Loitering about will bring regret.
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: This is intimated by the position not being the appropriate one. Wilhelm/Baynes: The place is not the appropriate one. Blofeld: This is indicated by the line's unsuitable position. Ritsema/ Karcher: Situation not appropriate indeed. Cleary (2): Wu: Because his position is improper.
Legge: Line three is magnetic in a dynamic place. She looks upward and depends upon the ruling line above while she does nothing herself but indulge in pleasure. Unless she changes her attitude, the auspice is bad.
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Siu: The man looks upward for favors and continues his dependency upon others. He indulges in visions of pleasure and affluence. Unless he changes immediately, he will be sorry.
Wing: You have waited complacently for a cue from someone else to motivate you. Whatever the reasons for your hesitation, whether it is idle pleasure in the present or simply inertia, you are losing your independence and self-reliance. You can still save yourself. Move.
Editor: This line is magnetic when the times call for dynamic action, giving us an image of indolent dependency. Without doing anything, she wants to "have her cake and eat it too.” Sometimes one receives this line when in a state of despair: feeling as if abandoned to one's fate by an incomprehensible cosmos. The idea is that fate isn't going to make the transition for you: you must do it yourself.
To those who are self-conceited and vain of their imaginary knowledge of exterior things, having no real wisdom, nothing can be shown, because the perverted action of their own minds opposes the harmonious action of the Universal Mind and repulses it. The spheres of their souls become narrow and contracted, and cannot expand towards the whole. They rest self-satisfied, buried in the shadow of their own ignorance, and are inaccessible to the light of Nature. Paracelsus -- Philosophia Sagax
A. Stop indulging yourself and do what you know to be correct in the matter at hand.
B. Your confidence is misplaced.
C. The image suggests weakness and dependency.
Line 4
Legge: The fourth line, dynamic, shows him from whom the harmony and satisfaction come. Great is the success which he obtains. Let him not allow suspicions to enter his mind, and thus friends will gather around him.
Wilhelm/Baynes: The source of enthusiasm. He achieves great things. Doubt not. You gather friends around you as a hair clasp gathers the hair.
Blofeld: From repose, great results accrue. Harbor no doubts. Why should it be harmful to befriend this official? [The meaning of this terse question is not obvious; but the enquirer may find it apt in the context either of his question or of subsequent events.]
Liu: The source of happiness. One receives great gain without hesitation. Your friends are already successful.
Ritsema/Karcher: Antecedent Provision. The great possesses acquiring. No doubting. Partners join-together suddenly.
Shaughnessy: Really excess; if one greatly has gain, do not doubt; cowries and shells slander.
Cleary (1): Being the source of joy, there is great gain. Do not doubt. Companions gather.
Wu: Let merriment have its way. There is much to gain. No doubt about it. Friends will unite their hairpins.
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: His aims take effect on a grand scale. Wilhelm/Baynes:
His will is done in great things. Blofeld: The first sentence indicates the fullest attainment of our will. Ritsema/Karcher: Purpose: the great moving indeed. Cleary (2): The aspiration is carried out greatly. Wu: His aspirations are fully realized.
Legge: The dynamic subject of line four is the agent to whom the happy condition is owing, and it is only necessary to caution him to maintain his confidence in himself and his purpose. His adherents and success will continue.
Anthony: The source of enthusiasm is in believing in our path and its ultimate success, because it is correct. We gather friends and helpers when this belief is strong enough that we do not try to convince people or contend with them. Contending comes from the ego, which secretly disbelieves.
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Siu: The man is confident, free of suspicions of others, and sincere in his dedication. He instills harmony and satisfaction among his associates. People gather around him in effective cooperation.
Wing: Harmonious times are approaching. It is safe to exhibit your confidence in the future. Your attitude will attract others to you, who will co-operate in your endeavors. In this way you can accomplish great deeds.
Editor: As the only dynamic line in the hexagram, line four is considered to be its ruler. When we note that Legge mentions "harmony and satisfaction" instead of "enthusiasm," we begin to see the meaning behind Blofeld's title of Repose. Indeed, his translation of the line begins: "From repose, great results accrue..." Wilhelm's version gives the idea of consolidating forces "as a hair clasp gathers the hair." Psychologically interpreted, a process of integration is symbolized. The line can sometimes be a gentle admonition to have faith in your own unconscious processes to advance the Work.
The One does not aspire to us, to move around us; we aspire to it, to move around it. Actually, we always move around it; but we do not always look. We are like a chorus grouped about a conductor who allow their attention to be distracted by the audience. If, however, they were to turn towards their conductor, they would sing as they should and would really be with him. We are always around The One. If we were not, we would dissolve and cease to exist. Yet our gaze does not remain fixed upon the One. When we look at it, we then attain the end of our desires and find rest. Plotinus -- The Enneads
A. A powerful force calmly organizes separate elements to effect a synthesis.
B. Quiet SELF-confidence inspires the allegiance of inner forces, accumulating energy for transformation.
11 Paix
Autres titres : Paix, Le Symbole de la Réussite, Prospérer, Pénétrer, Grandeur, Tranquillité, Prospérité, Conjonction, Synthèse Majeure, Hieros Gamos, Mariage Sacré, "Yang soutenant le yin et allant à la rencontre l'un de l'autre. Bonnes perspectives pour un mariage ou un partenariat." -- D.F. Hook
Jugement
Legge : Harmonie montre l'inférieur parti et le grand arrivé. Il y aura de la bonne fortune avec progrès et succès.
Wilhelm/Baynes :Paix. Le petit s'en va, le grand approche. Bonne fortune. Succès.
Blofeld :Paix. Le médiocre décline ; le grand et bon approche -- bonne fortune et succès ! [Dans l'hexagramme suivant (Divorce), où les trigrammes symbolisent le ciel et la terre dans ce qui semblerait être leurs positions normales, cet arrangement est considéré comme désastreux ; alors qu'ici, où ils semblent être à l'envers, tout est propice. Cela peut être parce que le ciel au-dessus de la terre est censé impliquer que les deux existent séparément sans l'interaction qui est la racine de toute croissance ; alors qu'ici leur interaction est si absolue que le ciel soutient réellement la terre.]
Liu :Paix. Le petit s'en va, le grand arrive. Bonne fortune. Succès.
Ritsema/Karcher : Pénétration. Le petit part, le grand vient. Signification Croissante. [Cet hexagramme décrit votre situation en termes de prospérité et d'expansion. Il souligne que répandre continuellement cette prospérité par la communication est la manière adéquate de la gérer...]
Shaughnessy : Grandeur : le petit part et le grand vient ; de bon augure ; réception.
Cleary (1) : Le petit part, le grand vient. C'est de bon augure et en développement.
Cleary (2) :Tranquillité … Passer avec succès.
Wu :Prospérité montre que le petit reste à l'extérieur et le grand reste à l'intérieur. Ce sera de bon augure et pénétrant.
L'Image
Legge : L'interaction du ciel et de la terre -- l'image de l'Harmonie. Le sage dirigeant modèle ses lois sur les principes du ciel et de la terre, et les applique pour le bien du peuple.
Wilhelm/Baynes : Le ciel et la terre s'unissent : l'image de la Paix. Ainsi le dirigeant divise et complète le cours du ciel et de la terre ; il favorise et régule les dons du ciel et de la terre, et ainsi aide le peuple.
Blofeld : Cet hexagramme symbolise le ciel et la terre en communion. [Les trigrammes composants illustrent le type d'interaction étroite mentionnée précédemment. C'est sûrement la seule façon de la représenter dans les circonstances, car tout mélange de leurs lignes composants produirait des trigrammes tout à fait différents n'ayant aucune référence au ciel et à la terre.] C'est comme si un puissant dirigeant, par une régulation soigneuse des affaires, avait amené à fruition la voie du ciel et de la terre. En harmonie avec la séquence de leurs mouvements, il apporte de l'aide aux gens de toutes parts.
Liu : Le ciel et la terre sont unifiés, symbolisant la Paix. Le dirigeant réforme et complète la voie du ciel et de la terre ; Il observe les méthodes appropriées du ciel et de la terre pour diriger le peuple.
Ritsema/Karcher : Ciel et Terre se mêlant. Pénétration. Le prince héritier utilise la propriété pour accomplir le tao du Ciel et de la Terre. Le prince héritier utilise le renforcement pour mutualiser la propriété du Ciel et de la Terre. Le prince héritier utilise la gauche pour redresser les roturiers.
Cleary (1) : Quand le ciel et la terre communient, il y a tranquillité. Ainsi le dirigeant administre la voie du ciel et de la terre et assiste l'équilibre approprié du ciel et de la terre, aidant ainsi le peuple.
Cleary (2) : … Pour influencer le peuple.
Wu :Prospérité résulte de l'interaction du ciel et de la terre. Le roi utilise la richesse de la nation pour réaliser les voies du ciel et de la terre et pour soutenir leurs desseins, afin de ramener les sentiments du peuple au centre.
COMMENTAIRE
Confucius/Legge : Harmonie montre l'union du ciel et de la terre, et toutes les choses par conséquent unies -- haut et bas, supérieur et inférieur sont tous en accord. Le trigramme inférieur est composé de lignes dynamiques, et le supérieur de lignes magnétiques : la force est à l'intérieur, la dévotion est à l'extérieur ; l'homme supérieur est à l'intérieur et croît, l'homme inférieur est à l'extérieur et décroît.
Legge : Le Jugement se réfère à la structure de l'hexagramme, avec les trois lignes dynamiques en bas, et les trois lignes magnétiques en haut. Les premières sont "les grandes", actives et vigoureuses ; les secondes sont "les inférieures", passives et cédantes. Dans de nombreuses éditions duI Chingsous l'hexagramme de l'Harmonieapparaît l'hexagramme numéro cinquante-quatre,Propriété, qui devient Harmoniesi les troisième et quatrième lignes échangent de place. Une situation dans laquelle les forces motrices sont représentées par trois lignes dynamiques, et les opposantes par trois lignes magnétiques, doit être progressive et réussie.Harmonieest appelé l'hexagramme du premier mois du printemps naturel, lorsque pendant six mois les forces de croissance sont en ascendance.
Canon McClatchie traduit : "L'Image signifie que le ciel et la terre ont maintenant des relations conjugales l'un avec l'autre, et les classes supérieures et inférieures s'unissent ensemble."
Ch'eng-tzu dit sur l'Image qu'un dirigeant devrait encadrer ses lois pour fonctionner comme les saisons, afin que le peuple existe dans la structure d'un ordre naturel plutôt qu'arbitraire.
NOTES ET PARAPHRASES
Jugement : Harmonie dépeint le déclin des illusions égoïstes et la montée du véritable potentiel.
L'Homme Supérieur permet à sa vertu intérieure de gouverner le psychisme.
Sans lignes changeantes, Harmonie suggère une union fructueuse des opposés et un état de balance dans la question en cours.
Wilhelm traduit la phrase d'ouverture du commentaire confucéen comme : "Le ciel et la terre s'unissent." Blofeld le rend : "Les forces célestes et terrestres ont des relations et toutes les choses sont en communion les unes avec les autres." Legge a déjà attiré l'attention sur la version de McClatchie : "Le ciel et la terre ont maintenant des relations conjugales l'un avec l'autre."
Cette image est l'un des symboles les plus universels produits par le psychisme humain : l'union sexuelle de l'Esprit et de la Matière (ciel et terre). C'est le hieros gamos ou mariage sacré de l'alchimie, l'union de Shiva et Shakti dans l'hindouisme, les divinités mâles et femelles conjointes dans le bouddhisme tantrique, les syzygies du gnosticisme et l'union du ciel et de la terre dans la Kabbale.
Les notions du couple et du mariage sacré occupaient une place très importante dans la pensée religieuse chinoise ancienne. Chaque pouvoir sacré était double, mâle et femelle ; mais comme seule une moitié du couple sacré était généralement enfermée dans un sanctuaire, le rituel visait à reconstituer le tout... L'être complet est mâle et femelle ; puisque la plupart des hommes négligent ou répriment leur nature féminine, ils sont déséquilibrés ; leur agressivité masculine prend le dessus, et toute leur vitalité en souffre. Il ne peut y avoir de véritable Sainteté sans une revitalisation préalable de la féminité. M. Kaltenmark --Lao Tzu et le Taoïsme
Psychologiquement, la condition décrite par cet hexagramme est une métaphore pour un haut état d'intégration au sein du psychisme. Ici, elle est décrite en termes alchimiques et jungiens :
Le vaisseau hermétique est soi-même. Dans celui-ci, les nombreux morceaux de matière psychique dispersés à travers son monde doivent être collectés et fusionnés en un seul, créant ainsi une nouvelle création. Dans celui-ci doit se produire l'union des opposés appelée par les alchimistes la coniunctio ou mariage... (Cette union), en termes psychologiques, correspond à l'homme avec son âme féminine, l'anima, ou à une femme avec son homologue masculin, l'animus -- l'union dans chaque cas constituant le mariage intérieur, le hieros gamos par lequel l'individu doit devenir entier. M.E. Harding --Énergie Psychique
Recevoir cet hexagramme ne signifie pas nécessairement que l'on a atteint une telle intégration élevée, mais cela pourrait indiquer un pas dans cette direction. Le hieros gamos ultime ne se produit qu'après que toutes les forces éparpillées et mal assorties au sein du psychisme ont été réunies dans un alignement correct -- en termes de I Ching, lorsque toutes les lignes sont à leur place avec des corrélats appropriés comme illustré dans l'hexagramme numéro 63, Achèvement. Jusqu'à cette union finale, il y a d'innombrables "moindres" conjonctions qui doivent d'abord avoir lieu -- un fait reconnu dans le yoga tantrique :
Le but final du tantriste est de réunir les deux principes contraires -- Shiva et Shakti -- dans son propre corps. Lorsque Shakti, qui dort, sous la forme d'un serpent, à la base de son corps, est éveillée par certaines techniques yogiques, elle se déplace à travers un canal médian par le biais des chakras jusqu'au sommet du crâne, où Shiva réside, et s'unit à lui. L'union du couple divin dans son propre corps transforme le yogin en une sorte d'"androgyne". Mais il faut souligner que "l'androgynisation" n'est qu'un aspect d'un processus total, celui de la réunion des opposés. En réalité, la littérature tantrique parle d'un grand nombre de "paires opposées" qui doivent être réunies. Mircea Eliade -- Mythes, Rites, Symboles
L'établissement du "Royaume des Cieux sur Terre" est encore une autre métaphore pour ce processus d'unification psychique. Voici la version kabbalistique :
C'est par l'établissement du céleste sur le terrestre, ou du ciel sur la terre, que la maison du Roi (l'humanité) deviendra unie et le Roi s'en réjouira, car alors les deux royaumes deviendront un et alors la nouvelle et vivante voie s'ouvrira à ceux qui se rendent susceptibles et réceptifs à la vie Supérieure et Divine... Lorsque ces deux mondes deviennent unis et mélangés ensemble, ils sont symbolisés par l'union du mâle et de la femelle, l'un étant le complément de l'autre. Le Zohar
SUGGESTIONS POUR LA MÉDITATION
Legge souligne que de nombreuses éditions du I Chingassocient l'hexagramme numéro cinquante-quatre,Propriété, à cette figure. Que signifient les lignes changeantes troisième et quatrième dePropriété concernant le rôle de l'ego dans le Travail ? Le nom traditionnel pourPropriété est "La Jeune Mariée" -- comment cela se rapporte-t-il au concept du mariage sacré dans Harmonie? Comparez les Jugements et les Images des deux hexagrammes et le rôle de l'homme supérieur dans chacun. Notez également la leçon impliquée lorsque les lignes deux et cinq dans Harmonie s'unissent pour former l'hexagramme numéro soixante-trois, Achèvement.